Friday, April 10, 2020
Chocolate War By Cormier Essays (1303 words) - The Chocolate War
Chocolate War By Cormier " Do I dare disturb the universe"(172). With these words Robert Cormier clearly shows his purpose for writing The Chocolate War. He writes it to give insight into the consequences of standing up for what you believe in. Through his portrayal of characters, and plot, Robert Cormier achieves his purpose. Cormier shows what happens to Jerry Renault and his protagonist Archie Costello. Through The Chocolate War Robert Cormier clearly shows his feelings towards conformity and the abuse of power. The Chocolate War focuses on a freshmen named Jerry Renault, and his problems at Trinity. Trinity is a prestigious school run by Brother Leon, the school headmaster. Brother Leon runs a school chocolate sale every year in the fall and it usually lasts about two months. The vigils are a secret group at Trinity led by Archie Costello. When Jerry refuses to participate in the school chocolate sale the Vigils take offense. As a result the Vigils psychologically and physically destroy Jerry Renault. Because of Jerry's refusal to conform he gets beaten by the school bully. Robert Cormier shows the consequences of standing up for what you believe in and his feelings towards conformity through his great use of character and plot. One way in which Cormier achieves his purpose is through his excellent portrayal of character. Through the characters of the novel Cormier sets up the protagonist and the antagonist to make an interesting novel. Cormier's description of his characters sets up a vivid image of the character and also helps the reader to identify with the character. The main character in The Chocolate War is Jerry Renault. Jerry is the unfortunate young adult who suffers the consequences of standing up for what he believes in. Every morning Brother Leon would read the roll call off and every morning Jerry would reply "NO"(67). Cormier uses Jerry as the victim of the story, who gets harassed over and over again. He is described as "Poor Renault"(86). Cormier makes the reader feel sympathy for Jerry Renault and makes it so the reader can identify with the suffering that Jerry is being confronted with. We are made aware that Jerry's Constant refusal to conform gets him nothing but trouble. Through Jerry, Cormier portrays his feelings towards standing up for what you believe in and the consequences of what you might suffer to do that. Perhaps the most insidious and evil character of them all is Archie Costello. Archie is the assigner of the vigils and was considered very powerful. He plays mind games with people instead of using physical means. People say " keep Archie happy, when Archie's happy, we're all happy"(14). Cormier uses Archie as the antagonist of the story. Archie gloats on his reputation and abuses his power at Trinity. He sometimes stays up all night thinking up assignments. "Archie has influence" which he could use over the school and against Jerry Renault(26). Cormier uses Archie Costello as the cause of Jerry Renault's suffering for standing up for what he believes in. Another character in The Chocolate War who makes Jerry suffer is Brother Leon. Brother Leon abuses his power as the headmaster of the school. Brother Leon is running the school chocolate sale and will do anything to ensure it's success. Brother Leon invested a large sum of money in the chocolates and feels this is the only way for the school to make money. To ensure it's success Brother Leon asks the Vigils to help " By getting behind the sale"(25). Brother Leon finally convinces Archie Costello to get the Vigils to help. Archie says " The vigils will help"(27). Robert Cormier does an excellent job of using character to show his purpose for writing The Chocolate War. He uses very realistic characters that are very easy to relate with especially easy for teen readers. Cormier's books are very stirring, "...probably because his novels are among the relatively few that combine a frank examination of the values and decisions that trouble adolescents..."(256) Another way Cormier achieves his purpose is through plot. Cormier makes the plot so the reader can identify with what is happening. Cormier uses the plot to show the consequences of standing up for what you believe in and to show his feelings towards conformity. Cormier also uses vivid detail throughout the plot to let the reader know what is happening. The plot of The Chocolate War is centered around a boy named Jerry Renault. Jerry is attending his first year at Trinity Prep. High School. His first year becomes a horrible year for
Monday, March 9, 2020
Ntpc Ltd The WritePass Journal
Ntpc Ltd Conclusion Ntpc Ltd  Executive summary2. Statement of purpose3. Introduction3.1What is Human Resource?3.2 Human resource management (HRM) in an organizationIn simple words it can also be defined as administrative  activities associated with human resources planning, recruitment, selection, orientation, training, appraisal, motivation, remuneration, etc. HRM aims at developing people through work. 3.3 Strategy and Human Resource4. Main body4.1COMPANY PROFILE- NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED (NTPC)CORE VALUES (B-COMIT):CORPORATE OBJECTIVES:VISION 2017: 4.2 JOB SATISFACTION AND ITS IMPORTANCE4.3 APPROACHES TO STUDY JOB SATISFACTION4.4 JOB SATISFACTION AT NTPC4.5 FACTORS INFLUENCING JOB SATISFACTION     Communication-     Culture-     Leadership-     Working condition-     Rewards and recognition-     Superior –subordinate relationship-     Training-5 THEORIES ON JOB SATISFACTIOn 5.1HERZBERG’S TWO FACTOR THEORY5.2 MASLOW’S HIERACHY OF NEEDS5.3 ERG Theory6 Method of collecting dataConclusion8  Main ObservationsCommunication- Culture-LeadershipOpportunities-Job design-Working condition-Training- Rewards and recognition-Superior- subordinate relationship-Team work- RecommendationReferencesRelated  Executive summary The company’s most valuable assets are its people, based in all concerns of the country. Organizations invest in measuring employee opinions and attitudes by incorporating employee satisfaction survey. NTPC ltd had introduced a frequent and continuous employee feedback processes so as to retain and develop their most valuable assets. The world of business has changed rapidly and the limitations of the markets are not restricted only to regional or national but have now reached on international level. The business world has changed rapidly towards progression and shall continue to do so as technology becomes more advanced and available. Since the world has changed so much it is important that every organization and system must also adapt itself to new trends such as globalization, in order to survive the rough competition. Job satisfaction is often related to having positive feelings regarding the job and is of great concern to both .the employers and the employee as it is directly related to organizational behavior. NTPC has always invested a lot of training and development with other various benefits due to which its has a very loyal staff who would not want to quit the job. The HR department has the freedom to adapt any HR practices to make sure that the employees needs are fully understood and take care of. It also has policies to pay the medical expenses of the employees and immediate family members even after retirement. The top 5 important factors that were found to give a sense of job satisfaction were- Communication, Culture, Leadership, Opportunities and job content The least 5 important factors that were found to give a sense of job satisfaction were- Rewards and recognition, Working conditions,Superior–subordinate, Team work and Job design The productivity from the employees as a team can still full utilized by reducing the communication gap between the different levels of management and facilitating better training and development to increase decision making accuracy. Job rotation and role play will break the boredom and make the job more challenging, good work in the team shall always be appreciated to set an example for other teams that hard work will give reward and recognition. The work environment shall be as enjoyable as possible to express views and ideas 2. Statement of purpose The purpose of the study was to analyse the job satisfaction level at NTPC ltd. It throws a light on overall job satisfaction levels. It address the following objectives- à ¼Ã‚     Study the overall job satisfaction reported by the employees at NTPC ltd. à ¼Ã‚     Determine the factors that motivates employees to perform better in their respective area of work in order to achieve high level of satisfaction à ¼Ã‚     To obtain information relating to current policies and procedures exercised in the organization and understand present organizational climate. à ¼Ã‚     To conduct a survey by interviews on employee satisfaction. à ¼Ã‚     To evaluate different parameters of employee satisfaction and develop an importance satisfaction model. à ¼Ã‚     The study was also targeted to determine motivating factors which form an integral part of employee satisfaction. 3. Introduction 3.1What is Human Resource? The world of business has changed rapidly and  the limitations of the markets are not restricted to  regional or national but has now reached on international level. The technological progress has made the business around the world easier and has encouraged competition to get maximum utilization from resources and improve its efficiency and effectiveness. The business world has changed rapidly towards progression and shall continue to do so as technology becomes more advanced and available. Since the world has changed so much it is important that every organization and system must also adapt itself to new trends such as globalization, in order to survive the rough competition. Efficiency in business is very important for its long-term existence. Maximum utilization of resources is the main challenge that every organization needs to keep up with.  It shall preserve its investment in manpower and technology to continue providing its services to customers, employees and partners. In order to achieve this human resource management is crucial for every organization 3.2 Human resource management (HRM) in an organization People employed by a company are termed Human resource, they are the most important, valuable and expensive resource in almost every company. Companies require raw material to manufacture goods, computer systems to store business data and machines to facilitate the process of production. However, without people to sell the products, generate a new business idea, and interpret business information and to ensure maximum utilization of resources, in such situation the company would probably cease to exist. The term ‘Human resource management’ and ‘Human resource’ have largely replaced the term of personnel management which is involved in managing people in an organization. in simple term HRM means employing people, developing and improving their capacities, utilizing their skills, compensating and maintaining their services in tune with the organizational requirement and job Human Resource Management (HRM) is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. In simple words it can also be defined as administrative  activities associated with human resources planning, recruitment, selection, orientation, training, appraisal, motivation, remuneration, etc. HRM aims at developing people through work. 3.3 Strategy and Human Resource The SHRM literature is rooted in ‘manpower’ (sic) planning, but it was the work of Inï ¬â€šuential management gurus (for example Ouchi, 1981; Peters Waterman, 1982), affirming the importance of the effective management of people as a source of Competitive advantage, that encouraged academics to develop frameworks emphasizing the strategic role of the HR function (for example Beer et al., 1985; Fombrun etal., 1984) and attaching the preï ¬ x ‘strategic’ to the term ‘human resource management’. Interest among academics and practitioners in linking the strategy concept to HRM can be explained from both the ‘rational choice’ and the ‘constituency-based’ perspective. There is a managerial logic in focusing attention on people’s skills and intellectual assets to provide a major competitive advantage when technological superiority, even once achieved, will quickly erode (Barney, 1991; Pfeffer, 1994, 1998a). From a à ¢â‚¬Ëœconstituency-based’ perspective, it is argued that HR academics and HR practitioners have embraced SHRM as a means of securing greater respect for HRM as a field of study and, in the case of HR managers, of appearing more ‘strategic’, thereby enhancing their status within organizations (Bamberger Meshoulam, 2000; Pfeffer Salancik, 1977; Powell DiMaggio, 1991; Purcell Ahlstrand, 1994; Whipp, 1999). Strategic HRM can be regarded as a general approach to the strategic management of human resources in accordance with the intentions of the organization on the future direction it wants to take. It is concerned with longer-term people issues and macro-concerns about structure, quality, culture, values, commitment and matching resources to future need. It has been defined as: All those activities affecting the behavior of individuals in their efforts to formulate and implement the strategic needs of business The pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable the forms to achieve its goals. Strategic HRM can encompass a number of HR strategies. There may be strategies to deliver fair and equitable reward, to improve performance or to streamline structure. However, these strategies are not strategic HRM. Strategic HRM is the overall framework which determines the shape and delivery of the individual strategies. 4. Main body 4.1COMPANY PROFILE- NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED (NTPC) ‘’SANKALP SHUDDHA HI SIDDHA’’ (If your intentions are pure, you are bound to succeed in letter and spirit)    Shri Arup Roy Choudhury(Chairman NTPC) VISION- ‘’to be the world’s largest and best power producer, powering India’s growth to become an integrated power commanding height with total power value chain’’ MISSION-‘’ â€Å"Develop and provide reliable power, related products and services at competitive prices, integrating multiple energy sources with innovative and eco-friendly technologies and contribute to society.†CORE VALUES (B-COMIT): à ¼Ã‚     Business Ethics à ¼Ã‚     Customer Focus à ¼Ã‚     Organizational Professional Pride à ¼Ã‚     Mutual Respect Trust à ¼Ã‚     Innovation and Speed à ¼Ã‚     Total Quality for Excellence CORPORATE OBJECTIVES: à ¼Ã‚     Improved Business Portfolio Growth à ¼Ã‚     Steady Customer Focus à ¼Ã‚     Performance Leadership à ¼Ã‚     Human Resource Development VISION 2017: à ¼Ã‚     To be a 75000 MW plus company à ¼Ã‚     To rank in Fortune 500 company à ¼Ã‚     Diversified Business Portfolio (Hydro, Nuclear Distribution, Trading, Coal Mining and washries) à ¼Ã‚     Top Indian MNC à ¼Ã‚     Group of over Rs. 1,40,000 crore with about 30,000 employees à ¼Ã‚     Leading Corporate Citizen HR VISION: â€Å"To enable our people to be a family of committed world class professional.†SOME FACTS ABOUT NTPC à ¼Ã‚     Third largest thermal power company in the world, second largest in Asia largest in India. à ¼Ã‚     Incorporated on November 7, 1975 under companies act as a private limited ,which was later changed to ‘Public limited’ September 30th 1976 à ¼Ã‚     The name NTPC Ltd. is given in 28th October 2005 à ¼Ã‚     Areas NTPC thinking to diversify in: v    Equipment Manufacturing v    Power Trading v    Power Distribution v    Over Seas v    Gas v    Coal Mining v    Hydro Power v    Thermal Power à ¼Ã‚     First challenge is to get the people to deliver. à ¼Ã‚     First plant of 200MW was set up in Singrauli unit. à ¼Ã‚     In 2001 the nomenclature for industrial relation has to change to employee relation. à ¼Ã‚     IN 1984, received a world bank loan of US $150 million through government of India (GOI) à ¼Ã‚     In 2009, enters memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd(NPCIL) to work together for development of nuclear power inIndia à ¼Ã‚     NTPC inks JV agreement with SAIL, RINL, COALINDIAand NMDC. BADARPUR THERMAL POWER STATION (BTPS) The Badarpur Thermal Power Plant is a coal-based power plant situated at Badarpur in Delhi. Beginning its power generation in 1973, this plant generates an average of 705 MW of power from its 5 units annually. The coal for the power generation is taken from Jharia Coal Fields and water from Agra Canal. This power plant is owned and operated by National Thermal Power Corporation Limited (NTPC), the largest thermal power generating company of India. The idea behind creating BTPS was to provide a backup for the generation of hydro power in the northern region. Delhi was the sole beneficiary of the power generated from this station from 1st April 1987(see Diagram 2) 4.2 JOB SATISFACTION AND ITS IMPORTANCE Job satisfaction is defined as the extent to which people like (satisfaction) or dislike (dissatisfaction) their jobs (Spector, 1997, p. 2). This definition suggests job satisfaction is a general or global affective reaction that individuals hold about their job. While researchers and practitioners most often measure global job satisfaction, there is also interest in measuring different facets or dimensions of satisfaction. Examination of these facet conditions is often useful for a more careful examination of employee satisfaction with critical job factors. Traditional job satisfaction facets include: co-workers, pay, job conditions, supervision, nature of the work and benefits. (Williams) Job satisfaction is a set of favorable or unfavorable feelings with which the employees rate their work. 4.3 APPROACHES TO STUDY JOB SATISFACTION THE 2 APPROACHES TO STUDY JOB SATISFACTION ARE- GLOBAL APPROACH: it relates to job satisfaction as single, overall feeling towards towards job FACET APPROACH: it relates to different aspects of job such as nature of work, condition of work, rewards, people at work, etc In this case we shall be using the facet approach as it gives a complete picture of job satisfaction. It depends on how an individual prioritizes his satisfaction levels. He might be very satisfied with the fringe benefits but at the same time be dissatisfied with the conditions at work and superiors (see Diagram 3) EFFECTS OF JOB SATISFACTION The 5 main effects of job satisfaction are-   I.   Performance-  performance of an individual at job depends on 2 opposite situations. First, as we now know that satisfaction is related to performance, people who enjoy their job work harder which leads to them performing better. Second, people who feel satisfied by performing better II.   Absenteeism- an individual would try to avoid being absent from work if he is a satisfied person with positive outlook but this also does not mean that highly satisfied people would not be absent. A study showed that managers were the most satisfied workers followed by the technical staff. Workers who have a record of being absent have a sense of insecurity and negative outlook towards their job, also lacking motivation III.    Employee grievances and health- passive aggression and complaints are associated with high level of dissatisfaction amongst the workers. Poor management practices and unfair means of treatment at work lead to health issues and brings a sense of negative attitude towards the industry IV.    Turnover- there is no evidence that satisfaction leads to increase in the turnover but it does help. An employee’s does not quit only because he is dissatisfied but there can be various other factors like- better opportunities elsewhere, better management practices and pay security# V.           Goodwill- when an organization has strong value in the market, it attracts young and dynamic entrants towards the company. Which is beneficial to both , the company by having talented people to choose from and the employees are satisfied to work for a company having high market standing and fair employee treatment policy (See Diagram 4) 4.4 JOB SATISFACTION AT NTPC Job satisfaction is a positive feeling about ones jobs from an evaluation of its characteristics. It is related more with the attitude of the person rather than behaviour. It is logical that a person with positive attitude will be more satisfied than a person with negative attitude towards work and the organization. Employees are the internal customer of any organization and are willing to participate in the business to accomplish business goals. Companies that set high level of work standards for their employees, sharpen their skills and knowledge through training and development. A satisfied and motivated employee’s proves to have a positive influence on the organizational performance. The HR process helps to establish frequent and consistent feedback communication between them which helps them to retain the most valued asset of the company- THE EMPLOYEES. NTPC has always invested a lot of training and development with other various benefits due to which its has a very loyal staff who would not want to quit the job. The HR department has the freedom to adapt any HR practices to make sure that the employees needs are fully understood and take care of. It also has policies to pay the medical expenses of the employees and immediate family members even after retirement. This extra step that the company has taken to show consideration towards its employees has proved to have a maximum retention rate throughout the lifetime of the company. Allowing workers to participate in management schemes where they can contribute their inputs about improving the standard of services has also been a scheme adopted by NTPC. Various schemes to improve the relation and understanding between employee and company have been exercised namely- à ¼Ã‚     Encouraging participation in management activities à ¼Ã‚     Developing better HR policies to improve the communication between the employees and the company à ¼Ã‚     Improving the levels of productivity , efficiency, knowledge and skills through regular training and development à ¼Ã‚     Encouraging the maximum utilization of resources and reducing wastage à ¼Ã‚     Promoting better communication within all levels of the organization à ¼Ã‚     Support the employees in developing  the techniques and process of  sensible decision making This priceless investment of the company management would be fruitful in à ¼Ã‚     Boosting the morale of the employees à ¼Ã‚     Flexible in receiving support from management à ¼Ã‚     Lifelong loyalty and commitment à ¼Ã‚     Greater sense of contribution and involvement 4.5 FACTORS INFLUENCING JOB SATISFACTION As we have learnt previously about the extrinsic factors that affect job satisfaction from the diagrma 3, we shall now throw light on other important factors such as-      Communication- Good communication gets the job done but Great communication is even more important for on organization that strives to achieve its goals and retain its employees. Satisfaction is related to clear communication on personal as well as organizational level as it motivates and stimulates the employee to perform better. Lack of communication can cause a lot of destruction to the image of the company resulting in low morale and loss on individual contribution in organizational productivity. Hence a clear communication shall be practised within all the level of the company, form the board of directors to the employees who represents the organization in front of the public      Culture- A collection of norms and values that are shared within the organization and also to interact with people outside the company compromises of organizational culture. It is the responsibility of every employee to impose the values and standards of behaviour that reflect the objective of the organization.  Habits prejudice and tradition that form human behaviour has a positive relation with culture. How employees view their organisational responsibility depends on how the culture has been set within the company      Leadership- Its is the ability to influence an individual or a group towards achieving a set of goals. In most cases a good leader ensures that the employees are satisfied as they motivate and encourage their employees to perform well and achieve set targets. Great communication is a must for a leader who want to make sure that the vision of the organization is achieved by collective efforts and inputs of the team rather than just a few doing all the hard work. Leadership is multi skilled and it is not necessary that all managers can prove to be good leaders.      Working condition- The provision of good workplace and well organised workspace is essential for employee satisfaction. These conditions shall influence and motivate the employees to share positive opinions with others as well as take constructive and honest feedback. An ideal working condition should be free from destructive criticism, harassment, bias judgments in order to improve and increase overall efficiency      Rewards and recognition- Employees feel a sense of satisfaction when there is transparency in being paid fairly for the work done by them. They want the promotional policies to be just and not bias and in line with their expectations. Money is not the only factor for satisfaction but is one of the essential element that motivates them to perform better and earn more. There are others who do not seek money and are happy to receive lower pay or a less demanding job, for such employees what matters is the freedom they get to complete the given task in their own methods and the recognition they get for it.      Superior –subordinate relationship- The relationship between the superior and the subordinates is of trust, respect, friendship and warmth and it is essential for both to have a positive attitude towards each other to increase productivity at work. This would result in having constructive interaction with superiors and fulfil employee functional and interpersonal need      Training- Every organization shall involve its employees in regular  learning process to sharpen their skills, concepts and knowledge so they can get better at decision making process, as the attitude and behaviour keeps changing rapidly , regular training shall ensure that they are tuned with the mindset and vision of the organization 5 THEORIES ON JOB SATISFACTIOn 5.1HERZBERG’S TWO FACTOR THEORY In the late 1950s Frederick Herzberg, was considered to be a pioneer in motivation theory, he interviewed a group of employees to find out what made them satisfied and dissatisfied on the job. He asked the employees essentially two sets of questions: Think of a time when you felt especially good about your job. Why did you feel that way? Think of a time when you felt especially bad about your job. Why did you feel that way? From these interviews Hertzberg went on to develop his theory that there are two dimensions to job satisfaction: ‘’motivation and hygiene†. (See Diagram 5) Hygiene factors cannot motivate employees but can help in reduces the dissatisfaction, if handled properly. It is a topic that includes company politics, salary, supervision, working condition and interpersonal relations which help in decreasing dissatisfaction amongst the employees. Whereas, Motivators are responsible for creating satisfaction by fulfilling individual needs. It focuses more on achievement, recognition and responsibility. It helps in making the employee’s more creative and committed towards work. Herzberg said ‘once the hygiene factors are addressed, the motivators will promote satisfaction and increase production 5.2 MASLOW’S HIERACHY OF NEEDS Abraham Maslow developed a model in which basic low level needs such as psychological requirements and safety must be satisfied before higher level needs such as need for self fulfillment (Robbins, 2005). According to this model when a need is satisfied it is no longer a motivating factor and the next higher need takes its place ( See diagram 6) 5.3 ERG Theory Clayton Alderfer has showed three distinguishing categories of human needs that have influence on employee’s behavior, growth and relatedness These categories are: Existence needs: Psychological and safety needs Relatedness needs: Social and external needs Growth needs: Internal needs and self actualization According to ERG theory the order of these needs may vary from individual to individual. Managers must realize that there may be a possibility to fulfill multiple needs at the same time, this view contradicts Maslow’s view; his model proceeds from the most basic (bottom) to most complex(top) needs in an order and is same for all individuals. According to ERG theory it may not be effective to focus at only one need at a time. The theory suggests that if a higher need is not fulfilled than an individual may choose to fulfill a lower level need that appears to satisfy- this stage is known as the frustration regression principle. For example if the employee is not provided with growth opportunities than he may regress to relatedness needs and start socializing with co-workers. But corrective measures are taken in time by the management  to satisfy frustration needs than it will bring the employee back on track to pursue achieving goals (Robbins,2005)  (See Diagram 7) 6 Method of collecting data To find out the job satisfaction level in the organization, I had randomly interviewed 12 people through chat rooms and telephone conversations, who were from different departments of the company (Executives and Non-Executive). The 10 different sections that I use for evaluated the job satisfaction were- à ¼Ã‚     Job content à ¼Ã‚     Reward and recognition à ¼Ã‚     Communication à ¼Ã‚     Opportunities à ¼Ã‚     Working conditions à ¼Ã‚     Superior subordinate à ¼Ã‚     Teamwork à ¼Ã‚     Culture à ¼Ã‚     leadership à ¼Ã‚     job design The above sections were asked to be rated between 1 to 5 scale, where 1 being most satisfied and 5 being least satisfied Conclusion The top 5 important factors that were found to give a sense of job satisfaction were- à ¼Ã‚     Communication à ¼Ã‚     Culture à ¼Ã‚     Leadership à ¼Ã‚     Opportunities à ¼Ã‚     job content The least 5 important factors that were found to give a sense of job satisfaction were- à ¼Ã‚     Rewards and recognition à ¼Ã‚     Working conditions à ¼Ã‚     Superior subordinate à ¼Ã‚     Team work à ¼Ã‚     Job design 8  Main Observations Communication- it was observed that the communication system adapted by NTPC was not much effective and there is not been clarity of communication exercised . certain percentage of employees were not aware of the latest news and development within the company Culture- This showed a very mixed response as some had an extrovert personality to share information but there were also some introverts who were still to open up and be comfortable to participate in discussing issues Leadership It is not possible to satisfy everyone in the organisation and the same scenario is seen here, there were lot of delays seen in decision making process, which showed that they were not happy with their current leaders. Opportunities- The HR policy is ‘Grow your own timber’ and NTPC has lived up to is policy by providing multiple opportunities to its employees to grow and develop their skills. Its provides enough freedom at work and time to be with their families Job design- There was lack of clarity in the design due to which there was confusion among the employees as to what is exactly expected from them. Due to this employees were dissatisfied with current job design Working condition- There is no doubt that is has a good working environment, but the conditions were not found to be satisfactory with regards to health and safety. As employees are asset of any organization , a lot of work will need to be done in condition department Training- This department needs to be worked on as the employees feel that the training is not sufficient to improve their productivity levels and there are some loopholes that still need to be fixed in order for the training to be more effective and in line with the job Rewards and recognition- The contributions of the employees are been appreciated and praised by the superior which gives them a sense of satisfaction and encouragement to perform better . good works lead to good chances of promotion at NTPC Superior- subordinate relationship- There is a professional yet friendly atmosphere at work amongst the senior and juniors. There is a sense of fair treatment within the employee’s and can be improved. Work issues are handles with great concern Team work- At NTPC teamwork is encouraged and contribution of every team member is essential to accomplish the task. There is a sense of trust and freedom within the employees Recommendation To achieve high rate of job satisfaction- à ¼Ã‚     Offer greater opportunities for training and development , contribute constructive feedback à ¼Ã‚     More powers shall be given to team members to ease decision making process à ¼Ã‚     Job shall be made more challenging by encouraging job rotation and role play à ¼Ã‚     Encourage creativity within workplace to improve productivity à ¼Ã‚     Sufficient freedom shall be given to complete the task at their own pace but with given time limits à ¼Ã‚     Praise the employees for their extra contribution as it gives them a sense of belonging and importance à ¼Ã‚     Encourage bonding and clear communication between managers and employees à ¼Ã‚     Creating of a work environment that is enjoyable , trusting, and challenging to work in à ¼Ã‚     The success of individual, department or company shall be celebrated to create an example of how great teamwork and productivity results References 1.ARMSTRONG, M and BARON, A. (2002) Strategic HRM: the key to improved business performance. Developing practice.London: CharteredInstituteofPersonneland Development. 2.SCHULER, R.S. (1992) Strategic human resource management: linking people with the needs of the business. Organizational Dynamics. Vol 21, No 1. pp18-32. 3.WRIGHT, P.M. and MCMAHAN, G.C. (1992) Theoretical perspectives for SHRM. Journal of Management. March. pp215-247. 4.BOXALL, P. and PURCELL, J. (2003) Strategy and human resource management. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 1.     Williams, J. (2004). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment, a Sloan Work and Family Encyclopedia entry. Retrieved May 10, 2007, from the Sloan Work and Family Research Network website 2.     Robbins, S.P., Sanghi, S (2006). Organizational Behaviour.Singapore: Pearson Education Pte. Ltd 3.     Singh, N. (2003). Organizational Behaviour- Concepts, Theory and Practices. Managing People in Organization in 21st Century. Deep and Deep Publication Pvt. Ltd 4.     Department of Agricultural and Extension Education, Volume 32 (1). 5.     NTPC BTPS Intranet, company manuals, policies and other sources. 6.     Clark, A., Oswald, A., Warr, P. (1996). Is Job Satisfaction U-Shaped In Age. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 69, 57-81. 7.     Karatepe, O.M., Uludag, O., Menevis,I. (2006). The Effects of Selected Individual Characteristics On Frontline Employee Performance And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Tourism Management, 27( 4), 547-560. 8.     Kinicki, A.,  Kreitner, R. (2006). Organizational Behaviour- Concepts, Skills and Practices. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. 9.     Luthans,F. (2008). Organizational Behaviour. Mc Graw Hill International Edition. 10. Mckenna,Eugene (2000). Business Psychology and Organizational Behavior: A 11. Student’s Handbook (Third Edition).New York andHove: Psychology Press, Taylor Francis scribd.com/doc/44801365/Human-Resource-Management http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryh/f/hr_management.htm businessdictionary.com/definition/human-resource-management-HRM.html palgrave.com/business/brattonandgold/docs/bgcha02.pdf scribd.com/doc/41937372/Strategic-Human-Resource-Management https://www.ntpc.co.in/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=12Itemid=72lang=en moneycontrol.com/company-facts/ntpc/history/NTP india9.com/i9show/Badarpur-Thermal-Power-Plant-59175.htm http://wfnetwork.bc.edu/glossary_entry.php?term=Job%20Satisfaction,%20Definition(s)%20ofarea=All oppapers.com/subjects/resource-management-in-organization-page2.html http://sth-about-human-resources-management.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default?orderby=updated hrcentro.com/dasar_sdm/Strategic_human_resource_management_091224.html http://strategicpersonnelinafrica.com/?section=Strategy%20and%20Practice internationalnewsandviews.com/2010/12/16/scope-excellence-award-to-arup-roy-choudhury-cmd-ntpc/ moneycontrol.com/company-facts/ntpc/history/NTP indiainfoline.com/Markets/Company/Background/Company-Profile/NTPC-Ltd/532555 http://wfnetwork.bc.edu/glossary_entry.php?term=Job%20Satisfaction,%20Definition(s)%20ofarea=All nursetogether.com/Career/CareerArticles/CareerArticle/tabid/102/itemId/2044/Power-and-Influence-Yes-Nurses-Have-Them.aspx cyberessays.com/lists/herzberg/page0.html http://usep-ic.forumsmotions.com/t107-assignment-10-due-september-21-2009-1300hrs oppapers.com/subjects/motivation-in-hrm-page9.html scribd.com/doc/41672892/bgcha02 indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC309/fc309.html scribd.com/doc/46839385/Role-of-Banks-in-Indian-Economy http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?id=269655
Saturday, February 22, 2020
Transnational Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Transnational Crime - Essay Example These include drugs such cocaine which is harvested in the jungles of Columbia before it makes its way to the cities of London, New York and Paris. In Afghanistan, the poppies of this country are harvested, sent to heroin processing plants in Eastern Europe before they find their home in the veins of Western Europeans and North Americans. In addition to the globalisation of drugs and the internationalisation of narcotics, globalisation has increased the incidents of piracy, counterfeit goods and organ trafficking. Perhaps most insidiously, globalisation has paved the way for an international traffic in people which involves the smuggling of refugees in addition to the international traffic of women. While some women are trafficked to work as domestic servants or as migrant laborers, the majority are sold into sexual slavery and exist as 21st century slaves. While international piracy, the spread of international counterfeit goods and organ trafficking are all interesting subjects the study from a sociological perspective in light of the internationalisation of crime, due to the limited scope of this analysis the following will focus upon the international traffic of women as well as the internationalisation of drugs. Since the global traffic of women for sexual servitude is perhaps one of the most insidious byproducts of the globalisation movement, the following will begin with an overview of this exploitative trade. â€Å"It is clear that organised crime is going through a period of rapid and dramatic change. Globalisation is reshaping the underworld, just as a combination of evolving law-enforcement strategies and technological and social change is breaking down old forms of organised crime (monolithic and identified by physical â€Å"turf†or ethnic identity), and creating new, flexible networks of criminal entrepreneurs†. Accordingly, complex economic interdependence has increased the avenues for
Thursday, February 6, 2020
Honeynets implementation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Honeynets implementation - Case Study Example To ascertain the effectiveness of the project in administering the foresaid role, I have done sufficient research about the reliability and convenience of the system in managing the task and have found it much viable and efficient. The research done covered a wide scope including monitoring and getting feedback with those already with the system. I have also done hypothetical hacking techniques and in all the cases, the project has proved beyond hacking. I therefore strongly recommend the project for your institution to cushion form such possible attempts. Best regards. Executive Summery During the month of February, we received a formal communication to design a system security than would be hackers proof since the existing one was frequently being intruded in. It did not provide a resistant guard to hackers. Following this communication, we designed a study to help the company in the following ways; I. Keeping intruders outside the production system in disguise while they think the y are inside the main production system. II. It recognizes any intrusion attempt. This is because any operation found within it can only be from an intruder. III. Cheaper to manage; it can be virtually supported as opposed to those that are physically supported. IV. Recognizing and storing the pattern taken by the intruders to help our experts advance a quick counter response. During the month of February, hackers intruded into the production line system of the company. As a result of the intrusion several information were altered within the production system and the company lost very crucial operational and management data. In this regard, the company is estimated to have lost about $ 150,000. As a result of our in depth feasibility study, we established the following criterion for the system to be adopted; a) Can be virtually supported b) It has significantly low cost of maintenance c) It gives the identity of the hackers d) It is difficult to penetrate by hackers In this regard, we want to confidently appeal for company’s management to ratify the new security system and engage it for the next six month during which they will observe the number of attempted hacking without success in the main system. It is at this time that it will prove inevitable to avoid. Abstract The need to prevent hackers from succeeding in their quest is one of the investments being done by most of the organizations. Organizations do invest in various systems that will ensure that their insider information is not leaked to the unauthorized persons or that the unknown does not manipulate the organization’s data. Various systems have therefore been floated in response to the conduct. The lingering question is the viability of the system employed to succeed in the intended purpose, we made a proposal to your organization in this regard where we intended to implement the Honeynet project. Research was done about this project in terms of how successful it is and the informati on collected is
Tuesday, January 28, 2020
Nutrition programs Essay Example for Free
Nutrition programs Essay Traditionally, nutrition programs were targeted to the indigent and poor populations in developing countries. Many of todays Americans are malnourished also, but they are inundated with unhealthy foods and require a multidisciplinary approach to nutrition education. What would be the three most important points to include in a public nutrition program? Provide current literature to support your answer and include two nutritional education community resources. Answer: Although we already know it is essential to eat a healthy diet, we may find it more challenging to sort through all of the information about nutrition and food choices. Nutrition is the provision to cells and organisms of the materials necessary (in the form of food) to support life. Healthy eating helps prevent high cholesterol and high blood pressure and helps reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. Many people today in America are malnourished and it is mostly due to indulging in unhealthy/poor dietary intake. These problems can be controlled by utilizing a multidisciplinary approach to public education. The doctors, social workers, nurses, dieticians and other health educators involved in health promotion should all have a part in ensuring and promoting healthy dietary intake with appropriate food portions and increasing physical activity. The three most important points to include in a public nutrition program are (a) the relationship between food choices and chronic disease such as high blood pressure (high salt intake), high lipids (high fat intake), obesity/diabetes (high sugar/carb intake/low activity) and much more. Educating the public on how to use natural herbs/ seasonings, or salt substitute, reading labels for nutritional contents and ingredients and eating low carb food are all vital factors to know. It is also very important to increase your physical activity daily. Another important point to include is (b) the nutritional assessment. Individuals need to be assessed for their nutritional status and risk. This will help to â€Å"tailor the food packages, design appropriate nutritional education and make referrals to health and social services†(USDA, 2015). The next would be the nutrition for mothers and children in regards to lactation counselling and school lunch programs. Newborn maternal nursing along with children’s’ nutrition is also a very important point to address. There are a lot of mother/baby classes in the community to help promote breastfeeding, infant meals, and children lunch box ideas. Schools are also in a unique position to promote healthy eating and help ensure appropriate food and nutrient intake among students. There are many nutritional education community resources that helps families in America to improve their nutritional status. They are (A) MyPlate Program: This was created by Michelle Obama in 2011 to serve as a reminder for people to create/make healthier food choices. It put emphasis on eating lots of fruits, grains, vegetables, protein foods and dietary foods. (B) The woman, infant and children program (WIC): This program assist pregnant women, new moms and young children obtain and eat healthy foods. Qualified individuals can only purchase healthy food items. Nutritional education is also provided for qualified individuals at no cost to them. References: MyPlate, 2015. Retrieved from: http://www.choosemyplate.gov/myplate WIC Program Nutrition Education Guidance, 2006. Retrieved from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/wicworks/learning_Center/ntredguidance.pdf Edelman, C.L., Kudzman, E, C., Mandel, C. L., (2014). Health promotion throughout the Lifespan. St. Louis: Elsevier.
Monday, January 20, 2020
Jeanette Wintersons View on Life Essay -- Winterson Writing Essays
Jeanette Winterson's View on Life A writer's style should be distinctive. Indeed, if it isn't distinctive, then it isn't a style. A creative person is someone who imagines what other people cannot. Their value to us lies in expanding our own possibilities. Walls fall. We break out. Art releases what was lost. Jeanette Winterson Sometimes it seems that our lives have been watered down. That somehow we have been cheated of the true meaning of what is before us. Especially here in America, millions of people live comfortable lifestyles: they have money, they have place, they have success. But still many of us are bored and unhappy. We wake up every morning, go to work, go to school, and come home without feeling a thing. We are de facto disenchanted and nobody really knows why. Our imagination dies long before our bodies die. Jeanette Winterson is a writer whose work seems to be aimed at changing this for herself and, if we will listen to her, perhaps for us as well. Winterson reveals both the beauty and the horror with which we are confronted on a daily basis. She shows us new universes within our own, and parallel universes outside our own. Her writing teaches us to read between the lines of our everyday lives. Even when this is not an obvious message delivered through the content of her stories, we find it within her language. Her words reveal and unfold layers of unrealized meaning on every page, until the reader is gently lowered back into his or her own world with a new fascination and awe for what already existed. Winterson's writing rejects our conventional perception of life. She reveals the shallow fulfillment inherent in traditional values, expands our notion of time and reality, and gives us new insig... ...he is sick of our houses with ceilings and no floors and wants us to build houses instead with floors and no ceilings, houses that deny limits and embrace sheltered truths that help us deny the limits. She sees the power and beauty in both imagination and reality, and she finds no need to distinguish between the two, as both exist co-dependently, like structural elements of a house with no ceiling. In short, Jeanette Winterson wants to release, through her own art, the love for life that has been lost. She writes for our very lives and hers. Works Cited Kakutani, Michiko. "A Journey Through Time, Space, and Imagination." New York Times 27 Apr. 1990: C33. Winterson, Jeanette. Art & Lies. London: Cape, 1994. The Passion. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1998. The World and Other Places. New York: Vintage, 2000. Written On The Body. London: Cape, 1992.
Sunday, January 12, 2020
Creative Photography Essay
What are three examples of forms of music? One example of forms of music Describe each form. What is form in music? Critical Thinking Questions Music has sometimes been referred to as a â€Å"universal language. †Why has this description been applied to music? Emotions are a common feeling shared among human beings. Music communicates so many things that everyone can understand without having to speak a word . It communicates love, frustration, hatred, war, friendship, commerce, marriage, separation, unity, confusion. Music is referred to as a Universal language Do you agree or disagree with this assessment? Yes I agree Why? Music is universal it provokes the same feelings no matter what kind or style it is music cultivates everyone’s inner feelings. and thoughts Why is musical notation important? Musical nation is important What benefits do musicians and others receive from being able to write down and note aspects of a musical piece? In the first part of the module, we discussed how music is everywhere in society. What are some of the ways that we use music? How do you use music in your own life? Music can help influence the mood or feeling in a place by the way in which it is played. What is a specific example of this that you have experienced? Discuss the experience (what was the song? how was it played? how did the mood/feeling change? ). For example, you might discuss an experience at a concert, religious service, or another place where music played a part in creating the mood.
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